| 王爱,刘少婷.供需匹配下应急避难场所空间布局合理性研究 ——以合肥市为例[J].安徽建筑大学学报,2024,32(): |
| 供需匹配下应急避难场所空间布局合理性研究 ——以合肥市为例 |
| The Rationality of the Spatial Layout of Emergency Shelters under the Matching of Supply and Demand—A Case in Hefei |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-06 修订日期：2023-10-11 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 应急避难场所 空间布局 合肥 |
| 英文关键词: emergency shelters spatial layout Hefei |
| 基金项目:安徽省自然科学基金项目（2008085QE241）；安徽省高峰学科科研专项重点项目（2021-109）；安徽省住房城乡建设科学技术计划项目（2023-YF003） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 应急避难场所是城市防灾减灾体系和公共安全建设的重要内容，其空间布局是否合理直接关系到城市抵御灾害的能力。以合肥主城区为例，采用高斯两步移动搜寻法等方法，研究应急避难场所的“有没有”、“够不够”、“好不好”情况进行合理性评估。研究表明：①应急避难场所空间分布格局与区域人口空间分布具有相关性，均呈现出 “核心-边缘”的圈层式分布特征，尤其二环以内区域集聚度较高。②各类型应急避难场所所能覆盖的小区样点数达1986个，覆盖率为55.7%，覆盖的范围主要位于城市二环以内区域；居民点到应急避难场所的可达性分布不均衡，高可达性的居住小区主要集中于一环以内和高新区东部，低可达性在一环与二环之间集聚分布。③各行政区的应急避难场所供给与居民的避难需求存在失衡情况，仅是庐阳区应急避难场所供给服务基本满足区域内居民避难需求。④应急避难场所的拥挤度存在较大差异，约20%的应急避难场所拥挤度值超过3.3，尤其一环以外与二环以内区域的应急避难场所拥挤度值较高，避难服务压力最大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Emergency shelter is an important part of urban disaster prevention and mitigation system and public safety construction, and whether its spatial layout is reasonable is directly related to the city's ability to resist disasters. Taking the main urban area of Hefei as an example, Gaussian two-step mobile search method and other methods were used to study the "whether there is", "enough" and "good or not" of emergency shelters for rationality assessment. The results show that: (i) The spatial distribution pattern of emergency shelters is correlated with the spatial distribution of regional population, and both show the characteristics of "core-edge" circle distribution, especially the high degree of regional agglomeration within the second ring road. (ii) The number of community sample points covered by various types of emergency shelters reached 1986, with a coverage rate of 55.7%, and the coverage area was mainly located within the second ring road of the city; The distribution of accessibility from residential areas to emergency shelters is uneven, with residential communities with high accessibility mainly concentrated within the first ring road and the eastern part of the high-tech zone, and low accessibility clustered between the first and second ring roads. (iii) There is an imbalance between the supply of emergency shelters and the evacuation needs of residents in each administrative district, and only the supply service of emergency shelters in Lu yang District basically meets the evacuation needs of residents in the region. (iv) There is a big difference in the congestion of emergency shelters, about 20% of the emergency shelters have a congestion value of more than 3.3, especially the congestion value of emergency shelters outside the first ring road and within the second ring road is higher, and the pressure of evacuation services is the greatest. |
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