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| 50KW超导电机电磁设计及旋转场下交流损耗分析 |
| Electromagnetic Design of a 50KW Superconducting Motor and Analysis of AC Losses Under Rotating Field Conditions |
| 投稿时间：2025-12-25 修订日期：2026-03-06 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 超导电机 T-A公式 旋转磁场 交流损耗 |
| 英文关键词: superconducting motor T-A formulation rotating magnetic field AC loss |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目(52525702) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为推进高功率密度超导电机在航空航天与船舶推进领域的应用，本文完成了一台50 kW高温超导永磁同步电机（HTS-PMSM）的电磁设计与交流损耗研究。电机定子采用无铁心集中式绕组以减轻重量并避免铁损。研究核心在于超导线圈的优化设计与交流损耗分析:首先，在给定总安匝数下，系统对比了4至8饼五种线圈配置在自场下的交流损耗、临界电流安全裕度及切向洛伦兹力，确定6饼×110匝方案在损耗、安全性与转矩输出能力之间取得了最佳平衡。随后，基于T-A公式建立了包含转子旋转磁场、三相绕组磁场及线圈自场的全耦合有限元模型，深入分析了该优选线圈在复杂运行工况下的交流损耗特性。结果表明，交流损耗高度集中于最外侧饼圈，且主要由转子旋转磁场，特别是垂直于带材表面的磁场分量主导。最终的电磁性能分析表明，该设计在750 rpm额定转速下可实现671.85 N·m的平均转矩，整体性能满足预期。本研究为兆瓦级HTS-PMSM的线圈优化设计与损耗精准预估提供了关键方法与理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To promote the application of high-power-density superconducting motors in aerospace and marine propulsion, this study presents the electromagnetic design and AC loss analysis for a 50-kW high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet synchronous motor (HTS-PMSM). The stator employs an ironless concentrated winding to reduce weight and eliminate iron losses. The research focuses on the optimal design of the superconducting coil and the analysis of its AC losses. First, given a specified total ampere-turn requirement, five coil configurations ranging from 4 to 8 pancakes were systematically compared in terms of self-field AC loss, critical current safety margin, and tangential Lorentz force. The configuration with 6 pancakes and 110 turns per pancake was identified as the optimal balance between loss, safety, and torque output capability. Subsequently, a fully coupled finite-element model based on the T-A formulation was established. This model incorporates the rotating magnetic field from the rotor, the magnetic field from the three-phase windings, and the self-field of the coil to analyze the AC loss characteristics of the selected coil under complex operating conditions. Results indicate that AC loss is highly concentrated in the outermost pancakes and is primarily governed by the rotating magnetic field of the rotor, particularly the magnetic field component perpendicular to the tape surface. The final electromagnetic performance analysis shows that this design achieves an average torque of 671.85 N·m at the rated speed of 750 rpm, meeting the overall performance expectations. This work provides key methods and a theoretical foundation for coil optimization design and accurate loss prediction in megawatt-class HTS-PMSMs. |
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